Prayer Jamaʿ Taqdīm, Ta’khir, Qashar for Traveler
Contents
- The Conditions of Jamaʿ Taqdīm
- The Conditions of Jamaʿ Ta’khir
- The Conditions of Qashar
- Commentary on Jama' Taqdim, Ta'khir and Qashr
- Back to: Islamic Shariah, Theology and Jurisprudence
The Conditions of Jamaʿ Taqdīm
(فصل) شروط جمع التقديم أربعة : البداءة بالأولى ونية الجمع والموالاة بينهما
ودوام العذر .
Chapter
The Conditions of Jamaʿ Taqdīm [92] are Four:
1. To
begin with the first ṣalāh.93
2. To intend joining the ṣalāhs. 94
3.
Performing them consecutively. 95
4. The continuity of the excuse. 96
The Conditions of Jamaʿ Ta’khir
(فصل) شروط جمع التأخير إثنان : نية التأخير وقد بقي من وقت الأولى مايسعها ودوام
العذر إلى تمام الثانية .
Chapter
The Conditions of Jamaʿ Taʾkhīr are Two:
1. To have
the intention of delaying a prayer up-to after its time and to have this
intention in its proper time.97
2. The remaining of the excuse until the
completion of the second prayer
The Conditions of Qashar
(فصل) شروط القصر سبعة : أن يكون سفره مرحلتين وأن يكون مباحا والعلم بجواز القصر
ونيه القصر عند الإحرام وأن لايقتدي بمتم في جزء من صلاتة .
Chapter
The Conditions of Qashar (to shorten the prayer)98 are Seven:
1.
His journey should be at least two marhalahs 99 (approximately 81
kilometers one way).
2. The journey should be a permissible one in
Sharīʿah.100
3. Knowledge of the permissibility of qashar.
4.
Intention of qashar during takbīrat al-iḥrām.101
5. The prayer should be
a four rakʿahs prayer
6. The continuity of travel till the completion of
the two rakʿah prayer.102
7. That he should not follow one who is
performing prayer completely in any portion of his prayer
Commentary on Jama' Taqdim, Jamak Ta'khir, and Qashar
92 It is permissible to join Zuhr alah and ' Asr alah during the time of either of them. Similarly it is permissible to join the Maghrib alah and Isha alah, provided one joins them during a journey in which alah may be shortened or because of severe rain.
93 If one prays the second of the two alahs before the first, then that salah is invalid and must be repeated after the first, if one still wants to join them.
94 That the intention to join the two alahs occurs before finishing the first, either coinciding with the takblrat al-iflram or occurring during the salah.
95 Nt to pause at length between them.
96 That continues until one finishes both salahs.
97 To make the intention before the end. of the first alah's
time by an interval which could contain at least one rak ' ah. If one neglects
this intention, one has sinned, and praying the first alah during the second
alah's time is considered qada ' .
98 It is permissible to
shorten the Zuhr, ' Asr, and Isha
salah to two rak ' ahs each. To shorten the salah of a musafir
(except a sailor and a perpetual traveller) is more virtuous if the journey
reaches three marhalahs.
99 The journey 's destination must be known. If a wife travelling with her husband or a soldier with his leader does not know the destination, they may not shorten their salah as long as they have not yet travelled the distance that permits shortening. When they have travelled it, then only may they shorten it. If they know the destination and the journey meets the condition, then they may shorten their salahs from the beginning of the journey.
100 Travelling for a reason that is not disobedience to Allah as there is no concession to shorten salah on such a journey.
101 It not being valid if made after takblrat al-iflram.
102 The salah takes place from start to finish while on the
journey. If one's vehicle arrives before
the salah is completed, one will
have to perform the full salah.