The Forbidden Actions for not having Ablution (Wudu)
Contents
- The Forbidden Actions for not having Ablution (wudu)
- The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Major Impurity (in Need of Ritual Bath)
- The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Menstruation
- The Causes of Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
- Unworthy People or Animals
- The Conditions of Tayammum
- The Pillars of Tayammum
- The Factors That Nullify Tayammum
- Commentary on Tayammum
-
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The Forbidden Actions for not having Ablution (wudu)
(فصل ) من انتقض وضوؤه حرم عليه أربعه أشياء : الصلاة والطواف ومس المصحف
وحمله.
Chapter The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Minor Impurity (in
need of ablution) are Four:
1. Ṣalāh,
2. ṭawaf,
3. touching the
Quran.
4. carrying the Quran.39
The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Major Impurity (in
Need of Ritual Bath)
ويحرم على الجنب ستة أشياء: الصلاة والطواف ومس المصحف وحمله واللبث في المسجد
وقراءة القرآن.
The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Major Impurity (in Need of
Ritual Bath) are Six:
1. Ṣalah,
2. ṭawāf (the circuits around
Ka'aba)
3. touching,
4. carrying or
5. reciting the Qurʾān
and
6. to remain in the masjid.
The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Menstruation
ويحرم بالحيض عشرة أشياء : الصلاة والطواف ومس المصحف وحمله واللبث في المسجد
وقراءة القرآن والصوم والطلاق والمرور في المسجد إن خافت تلويثه والاستمتاع بما
بين السرة والركبة.
The Forbidden Actions for a Person in the State of Menstruation are Ten
1.
Salat,
2. ṭawāf,
3. touching the Qurʾan
4. carrying the
Qurʾan,
5. to remain in the masjid,
6. reciting the Qurʾān,
7.
fasting,
8. divorce,
9. to pass through the masjid for a woman who
thinks her blood might soil the masjid,
10. to take sexual pleasure from
what is between the navel and the knees.
The Causes of Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
(فصل) أسباب التيمم ثلاثة: فقد الماء ، والمرض ، والاحتياج إليه لعطش حيوان محترم
.
Chapter
The Causes of Tayammum (Dry Ablution) are Three:
1.
Absence of water.40
2. Illness.41
3. Need for water exists by
(oneself or) worthy animals.42
Unworthy People or Animals
غير المحترم ستة : تارك الصلاة والزاني المحصن والمرتد والكافر الحربي والكلب
العقور والخنزير .
The following six people or animals are classified unworthy:
1. A
person who forsakes ṣalāh.
2. A convicted married adulterer.
3. An
Apostate.
4. A non-Muslim from a non-Muslim country that has war with the
Muslim country.
5. A vicious dog.
6. A pig.,
The Conditions of Tayammum
(فصل ) شروط التيمم عشرة: أن يكون بتراب وان يكون التراب طاهرا وأن لا يكون
مستعملا ولا يخالطه دقيق ونحوه وأن يقصده وأن يمسح وجهه ويديه بضربتين وأن يزيل
النجاسة أولا وأن يجتهد في القبلة قبله وأن يكون التيمم بعد دخول الوقت وأن يتيمم
لكل فرض .
Chapter
The Conditions of Tayammum are Ten:
1. It must be
performed with (dust of) the earth.43
2. The dust must be pure.
3.
The dust must not be used (i.e. already used on a limb or has been dusted off
a limb).
4. The dust must not be mixed with flour or anything like
flour.44
5. A person should intend the earth.45
6. He should wipe
his face and both hands with two strikes of dust.
7. He should first
remove any impurity.
8. He should determine the direction of the qiblah
before commencing the tayammum.46
9. He should make tayammum after the
entering of the time (of the ṣalāh).
10. He should make tayammum for
every farḍ (ṣalāh).47
The Pillars of Tayammum
(فصل) فروض التيمم خمسة : الأول : نقل التراب ، الثاني : النية ، الثالث : مسح
الوجه ، الرابع : مسح اليدين إلى المرفقين ، الخامس : الترتيب بين المسحتين .
Chapter
The Pillars of Tayammum are Five:
1. Transfer of earth (to
the body).48
2. Intention.49
3. Wiping of the face.50
4. Wiping
of the two hands including the elbows.
5. Following the sequence between
both wipings.51
The Factors That Nullify Tayammum
(فصل) مبطلات التيمم أربعة : ما أبطل الوضوء والردة وتوهم الماء إن تيمم لفقده
والشك .
Chapter
The Factors That Nullify Tayammum are Three.
1.
Those things which nullify the ablution.
2. Apostacy.
3. Presumption
that one can now obtain water (in the case where tayammum was made due to lack
of water).52
___________________________________
Commentary
39 It is not permissible to touch the Qur ' an, whether its writing, the spaces between its lines, its margins, binding, the carrying strap attached to it, or the bag or box it is in. However , it is permissible to carry a Qur ' an in baggage and to carry money , rings, or clothes on which Qur ' an is written.
40 If there is a little water that is insufficient for attaining purity, water should be used as much as possible and then tayammum should be performed for the rest of the limbs.
41 An ailment that a person fears water would cause, (1) harm to life or limb, (2) disability, (3) becoming seriously ill, (4) an increase in one 's ailment, (5) a delay in recovering from one 's illness, (6) considerable pain, or (7) a bad effect from the water such as a radical change in one 's skin colour or a visible part of the body.
42 There is fear of one's own thirst, or that of worthy companions and animals with one, even if be in the future.
43 It does not matter whether the earth is red, black, yellow or salty in which nothing grows. It is not permissible to perform tayammum with earth that has been turned to ashes or with clay pottery that has been pounded and softened.
44 Like saffron or lime.
45 Therefore, if the wind blew earth onto a person and one then passed one's
hands over one's face and arms, the tayammum will not be valid even though one
stood in the wind with intention of having sand blown over one.
46
The preferred view is that tayammum will be correct if it has been performed
after the entering of the time of alah even before a person determines the
direction of the qiblah.
47 Several sunnahs alah can be performed with the fard alah, either before or after the fard salah.
48 Therefore , it will nt .suffice to merely pass the hands over the face or arms with the intention of tayammum when they already have dust on them.
49 The intention of making alah permissible - it will not suffice to make the intention of removing the hadath.
50 It is not necessary to make the earth reach the skin under the hair of the face and arms. It is however necessary to pass the hands over that part of the beard which is visible.
51 It is necessary to pass the hand over the face before passing them over the
arms.