The Obligatory Acts of Ablution (Wudu)
Contents
- The Obligatory Acts of Ablution
- Intention (Niat)
- Commentary about Wudu (Ritual Ablution)
- Note: The Cleanliness of the Body
- Little and Abundant Water
- Commentary
-
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Islamic Shariah, Theology and Jurisprudence
The Obligatory Acts of Ablution
(فصل ) فروض الوضوء ستة: الأول:النية ، الثاني : غسل الوجه ، الثالث: غسل اليدين
مع المرفقين ، الرابع : مسح شيء من الرأس ، الخامس : غسل الرجلين مع الكعبين ،
السادس :الترتيب .
Chapter The Obligatory Acts of Wuduʾ (Ritual Ablution) are Six:
1.
Intention.12
2. Washing the face.13
3. Washing both hands and arms
including the elbows.14
4. Wiping any part of the head.15
5. Washing
the feet including the ankles.16
6. Observing the prescribed order
sequentially (tartib)
Intention (Niat)
(فصل ) النية : قصد الشيء مقترنا بفعله ، ومحلها القلب والتلفظ بها سنة ، ووقتها
عند غسل أول جزء من الوجه ، والترتيب أن لا يقدم عضو على عضو .
Chapter
Intention is to intend something simultaneously with the action; its
place is in the heart.
To make a verbal intention is a sunnah; its
time is at the beginning of washing the first portion of
the face.
Sequence (tartīb) is to observe the sequence of the ablution (wuḍu)ʾ,
such that no latter limb of wuduʾ should precede a former limb.
Commentary about Wudu (Ritual Ablution)
Note: The Sunnah Way to Perform Wudu' (Ritual Ablution):
1. Recite ta
'awwudh: I take refuge in Allah from the accursed Shaitan (to recite
A'udhubillah completely), and basmalah: In the name of Allah, Most
Merciful, Most Compassionate (to recite Bismillah completely).
2. Wash the hands up-to and including the wrists three times.
3. Use the miswak (toothstick), and then rinse the mouth and nose out three times, with three handfuls of water. One takes in a mouthful from a handful of water and snifts up some of the rest of the handful into the nostrils thrice.
4. Wash the entire face, from the point where the hairline
usually begins to the chin in length, and from ear to ear in width, three
times. It is obligatory to wash all facial hair - inner, outer, as well as the
skin beneath the hair, whether the hair is thick or thin - such as the
eyebrows, moustache and so forth except for a thick beard .
5.
Wash both arms completely, up-to and including the elbows, three times. It is
sunnah to pass the fingers through each other.
6. Wipe the head by passing the wet hands from the front of the head, sliding the paired hands to the back up to the nape of the neck, and then return them to point of commencement, three times.
7. Wipe the inside of the ears with the fingertips and their outside with the thumbs, with fresh water, three times.
8. Wash the feet up-to and including the ankles, three times. Allow the water to pass between the toes by using the little finger of the left hand, beginning with the little toe of the right foot, and ending with the little toe on the left.
9. During wudu ' , it is sunnah:
- to
wash the limbs successively,
- to begin with the right
when washing the arms and legs, but both hands, cheeks, or ears, are washed
simultaneously,
- to begin with the top of the face and
not to splash the water onto it,
- to avoid splashing
water onto oneself,
- to face the qiblah, not to talk
except for a necessity, and
- not to waste water.
Note: The Cleanliness of the Body:
It is sunnah (1) to trim the fingernails and toenails , (2) to clip moustache to the extent that the pink of the upper lip is visible, it should not be plucked or shaved, (3) to pluck (or to shave) the hair of the underarms and nostrils, and to shave the pubic hair (4) to apply kuhl (an antimonic compound), (5) to apply henna for women.
Circumcision is wajib for both men and women .
It is haram for both; men
and women to dye their hair black, except with the intention of jihad .
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Little and Abundant Water
(فصل ) الماء قليل وكثير : القليل مادون القلتين ، والكثير قلتان فأكثر. القليل
يتنجس بوقوع النجاسة فيه وإن لم يتغير . والماء الكثير لا يتنجس إلا إذا تغير
طعمه أو لونه أو ريحه.
Chapter
Water[16] is Either a Little or Abundant[17]
- A little amount of water is that which is less than two qullahs.
- Abundant water that which is two qullahs (approximately 190 litres) or more.
- A little amount of water will become impure when any impurity[18] falls into it, even though the water does not change.19
- Abundant water will not become impure except when its taste, colour or smell change
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Commentary
12 The person performing ablution either intends removing a state of hadath (ritual impurity) or purification for the salah.
13 Washing the entire face, from the point where the hairline usually begins to the chin in length, and from ear to ear in width.
14 Washing both arms completely , up-to and including the elbows once.
15 The minimum is to wipe part of a single hair, provided this part does
not hang below the limit of the head (i.e. below the hairline).
16 The definition of ma ' al-mutlaq (general water) is that water which is without any attributes.
17 It is not permissible to remove hadath (wudu ' or ritual bath) or remove impurity except with "general water".
18 If an impurity which is so small (e.g. impurity on the leg of a fly) that it is indiscernible by eyesight (meaning an average look that is neither a negligent glance nor a detailed inspection) or a dead creature without flowing blood falls into it, in both cases the water remains purifying. This applies to both running or stagnant water.
19 Even though none of the water 's characteristics (i.e. taste, colour or
smell) have changed.